Minority Presidents, Deadlock Situations, and the Survival of Presidential Democracies
نویسنده
چکیده
What are the conditions that generate minority presidents and deadlock in presidential regimes? What is the impact of minority presidents and deadlock on the survival of these regimes? Based on data for all presidential and mixed democracies that existed between 1946 and 1996, I show (1) that characteristics of the electoral and party systems do affect the level of support for the president in congress and hence the probability of minority presidents; (2) that these characteristics, and the minority presidents they generate, do not make deadlock more likely; (3) that minority presidents do not necessarily induce deadlock; and (4) that minority presidents and deadlock do not affect the survival of presidential systems. Together these findings suggest that we must abandon the view that explains the instability of presidential democracies in terms of the type of executive-legislative relations these regimes are likely to induce. I then offer two reasons, institutional in nature, that may account for the instability of presidential regimes.
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